As industrial automation is aimed at reduction of human involvement in controlling a machine or process,its implementation necessarily entails the following steps.
Step 1: Replacement of human's muscles(hand)by some out put devices,
eg-The electrical motors,pneumatic actuators or hydraulic cylinders.
Step 2: replacement of human's brain by a logic signal processing devices
such as a computer,micro-controller or programmable controller.
Step 3: Replacement of human's senses(eyes,ears,etc.)by input devices such as
limit switches and sensors.
Step 4: The use of signal conversions means to match the out put element with the
signal processing layer.
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